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Much in common. The topics and speech of democracy in its 40 years. An analysis of presidential speeches through artificial intelligence

In 2023, Argentina celebrates a significant milestone: 40 years since the return to democracy, signaling the longest democratic period in the country’s history. This journey has been marked by moments of joy and adversity, crises, and conflicts that, fortunately, Argentina has been able to overcome all its difficulties within the framework of democratic rules. Despite this, sometimes political polarization has intensified our differences, overshadowing the common values and achievements that define us as Argentine citizens. These shared values are numerous and have shone through in crucial events of our recent history, such as in the return of democracy in 1983, or during the challenges that were overcome after the 2001 crisis, where the Argentine Dialogue was key. Or when we celebrated the winning of another World Cup, we demonstrated the ability to stick together, supporting a common cause beyond our political positions.

To better understand these commonalities and consensuses and generate input aimed at promoting democratic dialogue, as part of the “AI: Argentine Intelligence” project, we used artificial intelligence tools to analyze all the speeches by Argentine presidents and to get the DNA of our country’s public speech. This speech comprises ideas that are reiterated, as a desire that is continually renewed, because “public” means known and shared. The analysis focused on the recurring topics, the hierarchy of their priorities, and their related concepts. In an era marked by division, this project seeks to discover and celebrate what we share.

Presidents

We analyzed 52 inaugural addresses and speeches made at the opening of legislative sessions by democratically elected presidents who have delivered at least one of these speeches from 1983 onwards. Under this criterion, 9 presidents have been included from the return of democracy to the present.

FOR MORE INFORMATION, CLICK ON EACH PRESIDENT.

  • Alfonsín see more >
    {+++} ### 1983 - 1989 Mandate 6 years
  • Menem see more >
    {+++} ### 1989 - 1999 Mandate 10 years
  • De la Rúa see more >
    {+++} ### 1999 - 2001 Mandate 2 years
  • Rodríguez Saá see more >
    {+++} ### 2001 - 2001 Mandate 1 week
  • Duhalde see more >
    {+++} ### 2002 - 2003 Mandate 1 year
  • Kirchner see more >
    {+++} ### 2003 - 2007 Mandate 4 years
  • C. Fernández see more >
    {+++} ### 2007 - 2015 Mandate 8 years
  • Macri see more >
    {+++} ### 2015 - 2019 Mandate 4 years
  • A. Fernández see more >
    {+++} ### 2019 - 2023 Mandate 4 years

Topics

To identify the topics of the presidential speeches, first, we elaborated a codebook with different topics and their definitions. If you want to learn more about how we conducted the analysis, see this report. Then, we used ChatGPT to analyze the speeches and determine the topics that appeared in each speech.

In the following ranking, you can find the 10 main topics addressed in all the presidential speeches.

Coming soon: Report II. AI in Argentina through the voices of its protagonists

FOR MORE INFORMATION, CLICK ON EACH TOPIC.

Mention of topics over time

Through the following graph, we can observe the different topics mentioned over time and analyze the thematic approaches of the speeches in relation to each president's sociopolitical context, which changed over the years.

MOVE ON THE TIMELINE TO SEE THE EVOLUTION OF TOPICS OVER TIME.

  • 4
  • 8
  • 12
  • 16
  • 20
  • 24
  • 28
  • 32
  • 36
  • 40
  • Mentions
    Development
  • Mentions
    Economics
  • Mentions
    Democracy
  • Mentions
    Crime
  • Mentions
    Labor
  • Mentions
    Poverty
  • Mentions
    Education
  • Mentions
    Human Rights
  • Mentions
    Trade
  • Mentions
    Foreign
  • 1984
  • 1985
  • 1986
  • 1987
  • 1988
  • 1989
  • 1990
  • 1991
  • 1992
  • 1993
  • 1994
  • 1995
  • 1996
  • 1997
  • 1998
  • 1999
  • 2000
  • 2001
  • 2002
  • 2003
  • 2004
  • 2005
  • 2006
  • 2007
  • 2008
  • 2009
  • 2010
  • 2011
  • 2012
  • 2013
  • 2014
  • 2015
  • 2016
  • 2017
  • 2018
  • 2019
  • 2020
  • 2021
  • 2022
  • 2023
  • Raúl Alfonsín

    1983-12-10
  • Raúl Alfonsín

    1984-05-01
  • Raúl Alfonsín

    1985-05-01
  • Raúl Alfonsín

    1986-05-01
  • Raúl Alfonsín

    1987-05-01
  • Raúl Alfonsín

    1988-05-01
  • Raúl Alfonsín

    1988-12-21
  • Raúl Alfonsín

    1989-05-01
  • Carlos Saúl Menem

    1989-07-08
  • Carlos Saúl Menem

    1990-05-01
  • Carlos Saúl Menem

    1991-05-01
  • Carlos Saúl Menem

    1992-05-01
  • Carlos Saúl Menem

    1993-05-01
  • Carlos Saúl Menem

    1994-05-01
  • Carlos Saúl Menem

    1995-05-01
  • Carlos Saúl Menem

    1995-07-08
  • Carlos Saúl Menem

    1996-03-01
  • Carlos Saúl Menem

    1997-03-01
  • Carlos Saúl Menem

    1998-03-01
  • Carlos Saúl Menem

    1999-03-01
  • Fernando De la Rúa

    1999-12-10
  • Fernando De la Rúa

    2000-03-01
  • Fernando De la Rúa

    2001-03-01
  • Adolfo Rodríguez Saá

    2001-12-22
  • Eduardo Duhalde

    2002-01-01
  • Eduardo Duhalde

    2002-03-01
  • Eduardo Duhalde

    2003-03-01
  • Néstor Kirchner

    2003-05-25
  • Néstor Kirchner

    2004-03-01
  • Néstor Kirchner

    2005-03-01
  • Néstor Kirchner

    2006-03-01
  • Néstor Kirchner

    2007-03-01
  • Cristina Fernández

    2007-12-10
  • Cristina Fernández

    2008-03-01
  • Cristina Fernández

    2009-03-01
  • Cristina Fernández

    2010-03-01
  • Cristina Fernández

    2011-03-01
  • Cristina Fernández

    2011-12-10
  • Cristina Fernández

    2012-03-01
  • Cristina Fernández

    2013-03-01
  • Cristina Fernández

    2014-03-01
  • Cristina Fernández

    2015-03-01
  • Mauricio Macri

    2015-12-10
  • Mauricio Macri

    2016-03-01
  • Mauricio Macri

    2017-03-01
  • Mauricio Macri

    2018-03-01
  • Mauricio Macri

    2019-03-01
  • Alberto Fernández

    2019-12-10
  • Alberto Fernández

    2020-03-01
  • Alberto Fernández

    2021-03-01
  • Alberto Fernández

    2022-03-01
  • Alberto Fernández

    2023-03-01

Most mentioned

The frequency of word occurrence shapes the general vision that characterizes the 40 years of Argentine democracy. Learn about the 10 most mentioned words in all the presidential speeches.

Mentions: 10